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Assembly

Arches should be set up symetrically (outboard peak opposite outboard peak, inboard peak opposite inboard peak).
Starting at the end, drop a 7" bolt with a washer into the hole at each arch segment crossing. Bolts heads should be on the inside of the arch and the nuts on the outside.
This will let you add the railing posts after the arches are set up, and snug up the nuts when the arches have settled into place. Don't put a bolt into the peak lap-joint yet. Just leave the joint loose as shown in the picture, to give you room to wiggle the snug-fitting cross-beam into the peak.
  click for a larger picture

Lay out the arches symetrically, where you intend the bridge to be.
With smaller bridges you might assemble the arches and cross-beams and then carry the assembly across the water or ditch they span.
  click for a larger picture

Stand up the arches.
A cross-beam in an arch-peak can be a temporary brace.
  click for a larger picture

Wedge a temporary support under the middle arch-peak to provide room to slip the cross-beams under the peaks.
With only one cross-beam in place, if the arches were raised symetrically, the structure will stand by itself.
Insert the remaining cross-beams and adjust the arches so that they provide the desired width for the decking.
  click for a larger picture

When arches are correctly spaced and all cross-beams in place, remove the temporary support under the middle of the arch.
Lift, and perhaps pull slightly, both arch feet on one end, so that the arches relax into their intended shape.
All bolt holes through the arch peaks should now line up.
  click for a larger picture

Lay the joists in their place on the arch. The pointier part of the joist should always lie on the longer arch piece, not across the joint.
When you have all the joists distributed in their place, insert the 8½ inch bolts, with washers, through the joists and arch peaks.
If the bridge has no railing, 7 inch bolts are used. Fix the free end of the joist to the arch with one nail. Your decking will fasten it more securely later.
  click for a larger picture

It's also important that you never let down your guard and always keep a look-out for alien invaders.   click for a larger picture

For your approach ramp, take a piece of lumber the size of a joist, and cut it to a length to suit your terrain and approach grade.
  click for a larger picture

Lay one end of this piece on the last cross-beam and whack it against the bolt head. In the middle of the mark, drill a bolt hole and bolt this piece like the other joists. Repeat this for each arch foot.
  click for a larger picture

Slip the railing posts on the end of each 8½ inch bolt and add a washer with the nut.
Don't fix the post braces until later, when the railings have been screwed to the posts.
  click for a larger picture

Before fixing the railings, the bridge should be in its intended place and on the proper footings.
Hang the railings on the post. Adjust the angle of the post so the railing ends meet in the center of the post and everything looks good. Check the end braces for the railings, that they fit to the post and railing. From the inside, screw the railings to every post. Screw on the end braces. Screw on the post side braces.
  click for a larger picture

Before working on top of a bridge longer than ~20 feet, a temporary diagonal brace or two is suggested.
Although the bridge is more than strong enough for the intended load, it will wiggle a lot until all the decking has been fastened.

Add decking and you're done.
  click for a larger picture


A final consideration:

• You see on the right that 2 bamboo slivers don't work as a beam bridge.
• In the middle, fixed as an arch between two "footings", they look promising but will obviously tip sideways, even with the lightest load.
• On the left, with only some plain paper for a "deck" as lateral bracing, they support over 4 lbs with no problem.
  click for a larger picture
During erection, do not tighten nuts.

After the arch assembly is completely erected, and railing posts are attached, snug up the nuts. Don't overtighten them as it will only crush the wood unneccessarily. Bolts carry no load and merely act as clamps to keep the wood lined up.

Bolts through the arch peaks can be temporarily removed, with no great difficulty, after the arch assembly is standing.

If you have difficulty inserting a bolt through an arch peak, despite cross beam & lap joint seemingly aligned for a reasonable fit, just ream out the misaligned bolt holes with a drill bit of your bolt size.

Before the arch is shoe-horned into the footings, it may seem longer and flatter than design so, depending on how you are holding or lifting it, the fit of the lapjoint may seem off. Once in place, you should be able to wiggle the arch in its proper shape.

This design has tremendous strength and load capacity, but only as long as the arches remain vertical.

For maximum strength and load capacity:

The longer the bridge and the heavier the load, the more important this becomes. On smaller bridges you might guarantee lateral stability by gluing and screwing the deck for each section in panels before laying those on the arch assembly with a few screws.

On larger bridges an easy way to guarantee lateral stability and erecting a straight arch assembly, is 16ga galvanized X-strap across each section before screwing down the deck planks.

You can also use this strap for easy arch foot protection & isolation
  click for a larger picture

click for a larger picture
In the US 84Lumber can have
Simpson Strong-Tie
drop ship you a roll of
CS16Z-150 16ga 1¼" galvanized coiled strap

USPconnectors.com
is another supplier
RS150 CS16

In Canada Home Hardware can supply either one.


Exploded View Of All The Parts


The design and construction techniques presented on this page are protected from patents by prior art & copyright and I reserve all rights regarding this design. Feel free to utilize this information for personal use but applications involving the exchange of money, require my approval. If you'd like to build bridges for profit, I'd be happy to help you. :-)  Frank Petersohn

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